Main layers of skin

The skin is the largest organ of the body. It is divided into 3 main layers, namely

• Epidermis
• Dermis
• Subcutaneous fat

The epidermis can be divided into several layers. The outermost layer is composed of a relatively thin, but rough, protective top layer of dead skin cells, the stratum corneum. The remainder of the epidermis is made up of cells called keratinocytes as well as melanocytes, which are pigment cells responsible for skin pigmentation.

Within the dermis are found supporting and elastic tissue, nerves, oil glands, sweat glands, blood vessels and hair roots.

The subcutaneous fat is composed of fat cells, which forms a cushioning layer between the skin and the deeper muscles and also serves as an energy store.